A review on the modeling and validation of biomass pyrolysis with a focus on product yield and composition

Modeling is regarded as a suitable tool to improve biomass pyrolysis in terms of efficiency, product yield, and controllability. However, it crucial develop advanced models estimate products' yield composition functions type/characteristics process conditions. Despite many developed models, most them suffer from insufficient validation due the complexity determining chemical compounds their quantity. To this end, present paper reviewed modeling verification products derived pyrolysis. Besides, possible solutions towards more accurate were discussed. First all, commenced reviewing current validating methods Afterward, influences characteristics, particle size, heat transfer on pyrolysis, motion, reaction kinetics, prediction, experimental validation, gas sensors, potential applications discussed comprehensively. There are some difficulties with using chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) for purposes its bulkiness, fragility, slow detection, high cost. On account this, Py-GC/MS industries limited, particularly online measurements. In final stage, recommendation was provided utilize high-temperature sensors potentials precisely validate (especially CO, CO2, H2) during